2,598 research outputs found
A hybrid LSTM neural network for energy consumption forecasting of individual households
Irregular human behaviors and univariate datasets remain as two main obstacles of data-driven energy consumption predictions for individual households. In this study, a hybrid deep learning model is proposed combining an ensemble long short term memory (LSTM) neural network with the stationary wavelet transform (SWT) technique. The SWT alleviates the volatility and increases the data dimensions, which potentially help improve the LSTM forecasting accuracy. Moreover, the ensemble LSTM neural network further enhances the forecasting performance of the proposed method. Verification experiments were performed based on a real-world household energy consumption dataset collected by the 'UK-DALEat project. The results show that, with a competitive training efficiency, the proposed method outperforms all compared state-of-art methods, including the persistent method, support vector regression (SVR), long short term memory (LSTM) neural network and convolutional neural network combining long short term memory (CNN-LSTM), with different step sizes at 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes, using three error metrics
The unified description of the molecular bound states, molecular resonances and compact tetraquark states in the quark potential model
We calculate the mass spectrum of the tetraquark
states with using the AL1 quark potential model, which
successfully describes the conventional hadron spectrum. We employ the Gaussian
expansion method to solve the four-body Schr\"odinger equation, and use the
complex scaling method to identify the resonances. With the notation , we find several near-threshold bound states and
resonances, including ,
, ,
, and
which are close to the , , ,
and thresholds, respectively.
Furthermore, their spatial structures clearly support their molecular natures.
The resonance has a mass of MeV, a
width of MeV, and quantum numbers , which may serve as a
good candidate for the experimental state. We strongly urge the
experimental search of the predicted states.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 table
Empirical study on clique-degree distribution of networks
The community structure and motif-modular-network hierarchy are of great
importance for understanding the relationship between structures and functions.
In this paper, we investigate the distribution of clique-degree, which is an
extension of degree and can be used to measure the density of cliques in
networks. The empirical studies indicate the extensive existence of power-law
clique-degree distributions in various real networks, and the power-law
exponent decreases with the increasing of clique size.Comment: 9 figures, 4 page
Electronic Structures of Graphene Layers on Metal Foil: Effect of Point Defects
Here we report a facile method to generate a high density of point defects in
graphene on metal foil and show how the point defects affect the electronic
structures of graphene layers. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)
measurements, complemented by first principle calculations, reveal that the
point defects result in both the intervalley and intravalley scattering of
graphene. The Fermi velocity is reduced in the vicinity area of the defect due
to the enhanced scattering. Additionally, our analysis further points out that
periodic point defects can tailor the electronic properties of graphene by
introducing a significant bandgap, which opens an avenue towards all-graphene
electronics.Comment: 4 figure
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Dexmedetomidine post-treatment attenuates cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting apoptosis through HIF-1α signalling.
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) plays a critical role in the apoptotic process during cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate whether post-treatment with dexmedetomidine (DEX) could protect against I/R-induced cardiac apoptosis in vivo and in vitro via regulating HIF-1α signalling pathway. Rat myocardial I/R was induced by occluding the left anterior descending artery for 30 minutes followed by 6-hours reperfusion, and cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation for 6 hours followed by 3-hours reoxygenation. Dexmedetomidine administration at the beginning of reperfusion or reoxygenation attenuated I/R-induced myocardial injury or H/R-induced cell death, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, inhibited the activation of HIF-1α and modulated the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins including BCL-2, BAX, BNIP3, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. Conversely, the HIF-1α prolyl hydroxylase-2 inhibitor IOX2 partly blocked DEX-mediated cardioprotection both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, DEX down-regulated HIF-1α expression at the post-transcriptional level and inhibited the transcriptional activation of the target gene BNIP3. Post-treatment with DEX protects against cardiac I/R injury in vivo and H/R injury in vitro. These effects are, at least in part, mediated via the inhibition of cell apoptosis by targeting HIF-1α signalling
Src-family protein tyrosine kinases: a promising target for treating chronic pain
Abstract
Despite growing knowledge of the mechanisms of chronic pain, it remains a major challenge facing clinical practice. Src-family protein tyrosine kinases (SFKs), a group of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, have been implicated in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. SFKs are critically central to various transmembrane receptors e.g. G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), EphB receptor (EphBR), increased intracellular calcium, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and other growth factors that regulate the phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) 2B subunit, thus contributing to the development of chronic pain. SFKs have also been regarded as an important point of convergence of intracellular signaling components that regulate microglia functions and the immune response. Additionally, intrathecal administration of SFKs inhibitors significantly alleviates mechanical allodynia in different chronic pain models. Thus, here we reviewed the current evidence of the role of SFKs in the development of chronic pain caused by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection, peripheral nerve injury (PNI), streptozotocin (STZ) injection and bone metastasis. Moreover, the role of SFKs on the development of morphine tolerance has also been discussed. Management of SFKs therefore emerged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain in terms of safety and efficacy.
Key words
Chronic pain; Src-family protein tyrosine kinases; N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor; Microglia
Concentration Polarization of High-Density Lipoprotein and Its Relation with Shear Stress in an In Vitro Model
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration polarization of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at the surface of the carotid artery under conditions of steady flow and to establish its relationship with shear stress using an in vitro vascular simulation model of carotid bifurcation. Shear stress, HDL concentration at the surface, and the ratio of HDL concentration at the surface to concentration in bulk flow were measured at different locations within the model under high-speed (1.451 m/s) and low-speed (0.559 m/s) flow. HDL showed concentration polarization at the surface of the carotid artery model, particularly in the internal carotid artery sinus. With decreasing flow velocity, the shear stress at the surface also decreased, and HDL concentration polarization increased. The concentration polarization of HDL was negatively and strongly correlated with shear stress at both low- (r = −0.872, P < .001) and high-speed flow (r = −0.592, P = .0018)
Ethyl 2-amino-6-benzyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate
In the title compound, C17H20N2O2S, the tetrahydropyridine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom at the flap position; the phenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 81.06 (10)° with the thiophene ring. The amino group links with the carbonyl O atom via intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, forming a six-membered ring. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into infinite chains running along the b axis
N-Phenylmorpholine-4-carboxamide
In the title compound, C11H14N2O2, the urea-type NC=ON moiety [planar to within 0.0002 (13) Å] is inclined to the phenyl ring by 42.88 (8) Å, and the morpholine ring has a chair conformation. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into infinite chains in [001]
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